Incentives-(t)


 * Goldman, Marshall I. “Red Black Gold.” __Foreign Policy__ 8 (Autumn 1972): 138-148.**

Goldman states that “American commercial and foreign policy is ….being affected by some notable [developments] in East-West trade (p. 138). Goldman chronicles the former Soviet Union’s activity in the world-wide energy/oil market. The researcher outlines that “There are basically three types of approaches the Russians have used: direct exports, swap sales and foreign refining and marketing” (p. 142). Goldman’s overview provides insight into modern-day Russia’s potential and real impact on oil/energy/American foreign policy. The researcher highlights that Russian oil in the world market is adding to supply, and thus, keeping oil prices down for consumers (p.147). Also, Goldman states that Russian oil provides the United States and western allies with another source of oil, other than the Middle East, making the west less vulnerable to Arab oil embargos. In light of concerns over Middle Eastern oil (then and now), Goldman acknowledges the utility of having Soviet/Russian oil on the international market, and does not believe that American dependence on Russian oil (i.e. to satisfy a portion of American oil needs) poses a serious national security threat. **(Hilary Straus)

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